Dental implants are more than just “replacement teeth.” They are sophisticated systems that restore function, appearance, and long-term oral health. But did you know there are three types of dental implants, each designed to address different anatomical needs, bone conditions, and patient preferences.
Understanding these basic types helps patients make informed choices and set realistic expectations for treatment outcomes. In this guide, you'll learn how each type works, who they're best suited for, and what to consider when discussing your options with your dental provider.
Dental implants aren’t ‘one size fits all’. In fact, they can be categorized in several different ways depending on what matters most for the patient:
- By placement in the jaw (placement-based categories) : Endosteal, Subperiosteal, and Zygomatic implants.
- By material used : Titanium vs. Zirconia implants (focus on durability vs. metal-free aesthetics). If you’d like to dive deeper into this topic, check out a detailed guide on “what dental implants are made of.”
- By restoration type supported : Implants can support a variety of restorations, including single-tooth implants, implant-supported bridges, or full-arch systems (like All-on-4®), depending on your needs.
Let’s discuss the 3 types of dental implants by placement: Endosteal, Subperiosteal, and Zygomatic, so you can clearly understand which option may fit your needs.Dental implants are available in three main types, each designed to address different patient needs. These types differ based on factors like placement, bone structure, and overall suitability for the patient’s oral health.
1. Endosteal (In-the-Bone) Implants
Endosteal implants are the most commonly used dental implants. They are surgically placed directly into the jawbone, acting as an artificial tooth root.
- Materials : Usually titanium or zirconia.
- Who it’s for : Patients with healthy bone density who need single, multiple, or full-arch teeth replacement.
- Why it works : These implants integrate with the bone (osseointegration), providing a stable, long-lasting foundation for crowns, bridges, or full-arch restorations.
Pros
- High success rate and long clinical track record.
- Versatile and hence used for single-tooth, multiple-tooth, and full-arch restorations.
- Wide choice of implant systems and prosthetic components.
Cons
- Requires sufficient bone (or bone grafting before implant placement if bone is inadequate).
- Surgical procedure with healing time (typically several months for full integration).
What to expect clinically: Placement under local anesthesia (sometimes sedation), healing period for osseointegration, then abutment and crown placement. Modern digital planning often shortens chair time and improves accuracy.
2. Subperiosteal (On-the-Bone) Implants
Subperiosteal implants sit on top of the jawbone but under the gum tissue. Instead of being embedded in the bone, a metal framework supports the teeth.
- Materials : Titanium or lightweight biocompatible alloys.
- Who it’s for : Patients with insufficient bone height who are not candidates for bone grafting.
- Why it works: Provides a reliable solution for patients who cannot undergo more invasive bone reconstruction while still achieving stability for full-arch restorations.
Pros
- Avoids or reduces the need for bone grafting in certain patients.
- Can support full-arch prostheses when the jawbone won’t accept traditional implants.
Cons
- Historically, they have been less stable than endosteal implants and are used less now.
- Potential for more long-term complications compared with modern endosteal systems in some studies.
3. Zygomatic Implants
Zygomatic implants are the least common type and are used in cases of severe bone loss. Instead of anchoring into the jawbone, these implants are anchored in the zygomatic bone (cheekbone), which is denser and provides a strong foundation.
- Materials : Titanium (due to its proven strength and integration).
- Who it’s for : Patients with extreme upper jawbone loss who cannot receive traditional implants and wish to avoid bone grafting procedures.
- Why it works : The zygomatic bone is dense and provides a strong anchorage point, enabling fixed teeth to be placed where the maxilla cannot support standard implants. Therefore, patients with advanced bone resorption still enjoy fixed, long-term restorations.
Pros
- Avoids lengthy and complex bone grafting.
- It can allow immediate function or earlier loading in many cases.
Cons
- More complex surgical procedures with higher technical demands. Careful planning is essential.
The best implant type depends on bone health, smile esthetics, bite forces, and personal preferences. Before the procedure of dental implants can begin, it is essential to evaluate:
- Jawbone Density and Structure: The strength and volume of your jawbone play a key role in determining which implant type is most suitable.
- Gum Tissue Thickness: Thin or receding gums may affect the choice of implant material or type.
- Number and Location of Missing Teeth: The placement and number of missing teeth influence whether a single, multi-tooth, or full-arch implant system is needed.
- Desire for Metal-Free Options: Zirconia implants may be an ideal choice if you prefer a metal-free option.
- Aesthetic Goals: Your cosmetic preferences and the visibility of the implant will help guide your decision.
- Overall Oral Health: The General health of your gums and remaining teeth will impact the implant’s success.
Considering these factors, you can work with your dentist to determine the best implant solution for your unique situation.
When considering dental implants, it's important to factor in the costs, treatment duration, and recovery process to ensure a smooth and successful procedure.
- Cost : Varies widely by implant type, region, and complexity. Zygomatic procedures and custom frameworks (subperiosteal) are typically more expensive than standard endosteal implants because of surgical complexity.
- Treatment time : Endosteal implants often require months for full integration (unless immediate-load protocols are applicable). Zygomatic solutions can sometimes allow earlier loading.
- Recovery : Expect some swelling and soreness after surgery. Good oral hygiene and follow-up care are critical for success.
Proper care is essential regardless of implant type:
- Brush and Floss Daily: Maintain a consistent oral hygiene routine by brushing and flossing around the implant crown to prevent plaque buildup and ensure healthy gums.
- Avoid Hard Foods: Refrain from biting hard objects like ice or nutshells, as they can damage your dental implants and surrounding teeth.
- Schedule Regular Checkups: Visit your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and checkups to monitor the health of your implants and surrounding tissues.
- Follow Aftercare Instructions: Adhere to your dentist's specific post-surgery care instructions to promote healing and ensure the long-term success of your implants.
- Maintain Proper Hygiene: With diligent care and maintenance, dental implants can last for decades, providing a durable and natural-looking smile.
With proper maintenance, all three implant types can last decades.
Choosing the right dental implant is crucial in achieving a healthy, long-lasting smile. Whether you need endosteal, subperiosteal, or zygomatic implants, each option is tailored to your unique bone structure, aesthetic goals, and oral health needs. With the right guidance from a skilled dentist, you can confidently select the best implant type, ensuring both durability and a natural look. Trust your dental care to experts prioritizing your comfort, results, and long-term success.
At Zircteeth, we help patients in Boston, Malden, and Manchester choose the best dental implant type for their unique needs. Our focus on zirconia implants and advanced, minimally invasive protocols ensures every smile is natural, durable, and safe.
Schedule your free consultation to explore your options and receive a personalized treatment plan.
Often, yes—zygomatic implants are designed to bypass the need for grafts by anchoring on the cheekbone.
It depends on bone density, number of missing teeth, esthetic goals, and medical history. Get your case evaluated by a qualified dentist to recommend the safest, most durable solution.
Zirconia implants can be used for endosteal systems and bridges, providing a metal-free, natural-looking alternative.
Yes, in experienced hands. They’re intended for severe upper-jaw bone loss and require careful planning and specialist experience; they do carry different risks (e.g., sinus issues).
Implants and implant components used in the U.S. are subject to FDA oversight and must meet established biocompatibility and manufacturing standards.
It is less common than endosteal implants, but it is still a useful option for certain patients who cannot or do not want bone grafting. Recent techniques and materials have improved outcomes for select cases.
